{"id":2000,"date":"2018-09-06T11:00:01","date_gmt":"2018-09-06T09:00:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/profesionalhosting.com\/blog\/?p=2000"},"modified":"2023-04-25T13:35:29","modified_gmt":"2023-04-25T11:35:29","slug":"que-es-un-servidor-dns","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.profesionalhosting.com\/blog\/diccionario-de-hosting\/que-es-un-servidor-dns\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es un servidor dns?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Seguro que alguna vez te has preguntado qu\u00e9 es un servidor dns, pues no le des m\u00e1s vueltas al tema, a continuaci\u00f3n te explicamos todo lo relacionado con el servidor dns<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/profesionalhosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Captura-de-pantalla-2018-07-11-a-las-15.22.03.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2001 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/profesionalhosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Captura-de-pantalla-2018-07-11-a-las-15.22.03.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"601\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.profesionalhosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Captura-de-pantalla-2018-07-11-a-las-15.22.03.png 601w, https:\/\/www.profesionalhosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Captura-de-pantalla-2018-07-11-a-las-15.22.03-300x168.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 601px) 100vw, 601px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Probablemente uses internet a diario y no sepas como funciona, y mucho menos las f\u00f3rmulas y algoritmos que son necesarios para su correcto funcionamiento, pero a veces, las cosas son m\u00e1s sencillas de entender si alguien pierde su tiempo en explicarlas, c\u00f3mo va a ser este caso con el funcionamiento de un servidor dns.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Para empezar, vamos a remontarnos 25 a\u00f1os atr\u00e1s, cuando se cre\u00f3 internet, no has le\u00eddo mal, hace ya un cuarto de siglo que se cre\u00f3 la herramienta m\u00e1s usada hoy en d\u00eda. Aunque parezca mentira, en ese entonces, todas las comunicaciones se hac\u00edan entre las IP, (las IP son una combinaci\u00f3n de n\u00fameros un tanto compleja de recordar), dada la dificultad que resid\u00eda en recordarlas, se hac\u00eda muy dif\u00edcil la gesti\u00f3n de cualquier tipo de interfaz de servidor o cualquier tipo de comunicaci\u00f3n en internet. \u00a0Para solucionar este problema que hab\u00eda con las IP surgi\u00f3 una idea, crear un algoritmo que tradujera cosas en direcciones IP, de esta forma se crearon los hostname, los cuales permiten traducir nombres, direcciones o un conjunto de palabras en una IP por ejemplo. Para poder llevar a cabo todo esto, adem\u00e1s de los hostname, se crearon los servidores dns, ya que hacen mucho m\u00e1s f\u00e1cil el uso de internet y gracias a esta innovadora idea se consigui\u00f3 hacer que internet fuera algo mucho m\u00e1s sencillo y se extendiera hasta lo que se conoce hoy en d\u00eda.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ahora que ya sabemos el motivo por el cual surgieron los servidores dns, es momento de entender qu\u00e9 es y para qu\u00e9 funcionan dichos servidores. A continuaci\u00f3n se explica brevemente mediante un ejemplo, el cual se basa en la b\u00fasqueda de una p\u00e1gina web, en este caso <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.profesionalhosting.com\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">www.profesionalhosting.com<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cuando decides buscar en internet algo (profesionalhosting.com en este caso) lo escribres en tu ordenador y le das al enter, justo en ese momento tu ordenador est\u00e1 haciendo una petici\u00f3n a los servidores dns que tiene configurado ese dominio (www.profesionalhosting.com), es decir, est\u00e1 preguntando a los servidores dns que tiene ese dominio \u00bfeste dominio<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.profesionalhosting.com\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">www.profesionalhosting.com<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a qu\u00e9 IP est\u00e1 apuntando esta direcci\u00f3n? <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/profesionalhosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Captura-de-pantalla-2018-07-11-a-las-15.22.21.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2002 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/profesionalhosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Captura-de-pantalla-2018-07-11-a-las-15.22.21.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"599\" height=\"333\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.profesionalhosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Captura-de-pantalla-2018-07-11-a-las-15.22.21.png 599w, https:\/\/www.profesionalhosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Captura-de-pantalla-2018-07-11-a-las-15.22.21-300x167.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 599px) 100vw, 599px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Esta pregunta se la hace el ordenador al servidor de dns que tiene configurado tu dominio, en este caso un servidor dns de profesional hosting y nuestro servidor dns de profesional hosting responde \u201cs\u00ed, reconozco que este subdominio existe en la configuraci\u00f3n de mi servidor dns y apunta hasta esta IP\u201d, en ese momento el servidor devuelve la IP que est\u00e1 apuntado a dicho dominio, el navegador lo recibe y le hace la petici\u00f3n a la IP dici\u00e9ndole que este dominio carga en su servidor, normalmente al puerto de servicio web (puerto 80), el cual le devuelve el contenido de la p\u00e1gina web que ser\u00e1 cargado en nuestro ordenador. \u00a0Este es el proceso b\u00e1sico de c\u00f3mo funciona el protocolo web en internet.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Puede parecer un poco complejo pero en reglas generales es f\u00e1cil de entender. Para terminar, se explicar\u00e1 resumidamente los tipos de registros que soporta \u00a0un servidor dns. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hay cuatro tipos de registros existentes hoy en d\u00eda:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/profesionalhosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Captura-de-pantalla-2018-07-11-a-las-15.22.44.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2003 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/profesionalhosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Captura-de-pantalla-2018-07-11-a-las-15.22.44.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"603\" height=\"338\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.profesionalhosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Captura-de-pantalla-2018-07-11-a-las-15.22.44.png 603w, https:\/\/www.profesionalhosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Captura-de-pantalla-2018-07-11-a-las-15.22.44-300x168.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 603px) 100vw, 603px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><b>Registro A<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Este registro es el que hemos explicado hace un momento en el ejemplo anterior ya que traduce una direcci\u00f3n (un dominio) hacia una IP o un subdominio hacia una IP.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><b>Registro AAA<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Este registro es el mismo que el registro A, pero con el protocolo ipv6. Es una IP m\u00e1s grande, aqu\u00ed si que es verdad que va a ser todav\u00eda m\u00e1s necesario ya que es imposible recordar una ipv6, tendr\u00edas que tener la memoria del siglo y para eso se usa el protocolo AAA, el cual poco a poco ir\u00e1 teniendo m\u00e1s importancia ya que las ip4 se est\u00e1n gastando.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><b>Registro cname<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Este registro es una especie de redirecci\u00f3n, es decir, yo quiero que el dominio de profesional hosting haga una revisi\u00f3n de la IP \u201ca\u201d a la IP \u201cw\u201d, es decir, lo que carga la \u201cwww\u201d a IP tambi\u00e9n lo har\u00eda en tienda de \u201ccname\u201d porque \u00a0lo que hace es coger otra regla que tenemos y copiarla.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><b>Registro mx<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Este registro es muy importante ya que define qu\u00e9 servidores de correos son los que van a recibir un correo, este registro \u00a0incluso nos permite tener varios servidores de correos por si alguno nos falla, entonces que se pueda establecer un segundo servidor de correo e incluso establecer utilidades en los tipos de servidores de correo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><b>Registro txt<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Este registro podr\u00eda decirse que es el m\u00e1s usado actualmente en internet para validaciones de cualquier tipo. Un claro ejemplo es el caso del registro spf el cual est\u00e1 asociado con el registro txt, con este registro lo que se hace es validar que un determinado correo es v\u00e1lido y por lo tanto no es falso, es decir, que t\u00fa tienes permiso para enviar correos desde tu servidor usando un dominio en concreto evitando de esta forma falsificaciones de correo. El registro txt tambi\u00e9n se usa para verificar que el dominio es tuyo, este es el caso de Google ya que te puede pedir desde la plataforma que crees \u00a0un registro txt con una cadena de texto y Google as\u00ed verifica que el dominio es tuyo. Por lo tanto, este registro es muy necesario para verificar cualquier plataforma y se usa mucho para crear los t\u00edpicos domainkeys de correo electr\u00f3nico.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Y con la explicaci\u00f3n final de los registros que soporta un servidor dns podemos decir que el origen, funcionamiento y uso de un servidor dns ha quedado definido.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>V\u00eddeo Explicativo<\/h2>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/FwTrcApWGgs\" width=\"100%\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Seguro que alguna vez te has preguntado qu\u00e9 es un servidor dns, pues no le des m\u00e1s vueltas al tema, a continuaci\u00f3n [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2001,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[335],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2000","post","type-post","status-publish","format-image","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-diccionario-de-hosting","post_format-post-format-image"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u00bfQu\u00e9 es un servidor dns? - ProfesionalHosting | blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.profesionalhosting.com\/blog\/diccionario-de-hosting\/que-es-un-servidor-dns\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" 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